Glassware forming machine



Oct. 9, 1951 c, c, K|NKER 2,570,817

GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE Filed May 11, 1946 1]. Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR @M 22mm C. C. KlNKER GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE Oct.- 9, 1951 Filed May 11, 1946 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 'INVENTOR Oct. 9, 1951 c. c. KINKER GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE 11 sheets-sheet 5 Filed May 11, 1946 INVENTOR wz mm 'Oct. 9, 1951 c. c; KMKER 2,570,817

GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE Filed May 11, 1946 '11; Sheets-Sheet 4 c. c. KlNK ER 2,570,817

()Ct.v 9, 1951 I GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE ll Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 11, 1946 INVENTOR Oct. 9, 1951 Filed May 11, 1946 C. C. KINKER ll Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR M 9 7 4% V6421, I

Oct. 9, 1951 c. c. KIN KER GLASSWARE FORM-INC MACHINE ll Sheets-Sheet '7 INVENTOR Wfjm Flled May 11, 1946 Oct. 9, 1951 c. c. KINKER GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE l1 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed May 11, 1946 Oct. 9, 1951 c. c. KINKER GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE Filed May 11, 1946 ll Sheets-Sheet 9 II II 151 I m ]J 216 214 c. c. KINKER GLASSWARE FORMING mcmm:

Oct. 9, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet l0 Filed May 11, 1946 Oct. 9, 1951 c, c, KER 2,570,817

GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE Filed May 11, 1946 Patented Oct. 9, 1951 GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE Clarence C. Kinker, Defiance, Ohio, assignor to ONeill Patents Limited, a corporation of Canada Application May 11, 1946, Serial No. 669,164

6 Claims. 1

This invention relates to press and blow glassware forming machines of the stop and go type and an object of this invention is to produce an improved machine of this type.

Another object is to produce an improved liftover transfer mechanism for glassware forming machines.

Another object is to produce in a glassware forming machine driven by an electric motor through a periodic motion mechanism, a mechanical parison pressing device which is driven by said motor and operates in synchronism with the mold carrying table.

A further object is to produce in glassware forming machines, a mechanically operated (as distinguished from an air operated) pressing device for forming the parisons which can be adjusted, as to the length of pressing stroke, during operation oithe device.

A further object is to produce a single table, stop and go, press and blow glassware forming machine in which the parison forming operation is performed by a mechanical pressing device operating in synchronism with the table movements and driven by the table driving motor.

Another object is to produce an improved mechanically operated device for pressing the parisons in a stop and go machine.

Another object is to produce an improved device for transferring a parison from a blank mold to a finishing mold in a stop and go machine.

A further object is to produce an improved press and blow machine of the stop and go type in which the parison or blank molds and the finishing or blow molds are mounted on the same table.

A further object is to produce improved means for clamping the neck rings or molds to the parison or blank molds and the blow or finishing molds in a press and blow machine.

A further object is to produce an improved motor operated cam mechanism in a stop and go machine for raising the neck ring or mold during the parison transfer operation.

A still further object is to produce in a stop and go machine, improved means for operating the parison pressing mechanism by the table driving motor while the table is at rest durin its stop periods.

A still further object is to produce a mechanically operated plunger mechanism for pressing the parisons in a stop and go machine which can be adjusted during the parison pressing operation in order to increase or decrease the set of the plunger in the glass. I

.of the parison pressing or 'mold is clamped to the top of I attain these, and other objects by means of the machine described in the specification and illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this application.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a glassware forming machine embodying this invention. The blow head at the first blowing station is omitted and part of the upper portion of the pressing device is shown in section.

Figure 2 is a view taken below the mold carrying table of Fig. 1 and is partially in top plan and partially in section. This view discloses some of the stationary cams, the periodic motion drive mechanism by which the molds on the carrying table are indexed from station to station, the driving motor, the reduction gear between the driving motor and the periodic motion mechanism, and the means by which the parison pressing or forming device is driven in synchronism with the periodic motion mechanism and, therefore, the mold carrying table.

Figs. 3 and 3a are to be taken together and, when so taken, constitute a sectional elevation forming device. This view is taken on the angled line III-III of Fig. 1. The right-hand portion of Fig. 3a. is a view in sectional elevation of one of the transfer devices of the machine. The right and left-hand portions of Fig. 3a are taken in different planes.

, The neck ring holder disclosed in the right-hand portion is shown broken from the neck ring. The transfer device is shown in its lowest position, the position which it occupies when the neck ring or the blank mold as shown in the left-hand portion of this view.

Figs. 4 and 4a are to be taken together, and when so taken, constitute a view partially in elevation, and partially in section of the parison j-"pressing and forming device, and one of the transfer devices. This view is taken on line IVa of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 5 is a view in sectional elevation of one of the blank or parison molds, and the plunger 'of the parison pressing or forming device. This View shows the pressing plunger in the glass as it appears at the endof a pressing stroke.

Fig. 6 is a detail view of part of the parison pressing device and is taken on line VI--VI of Fig. '7.

Fig. '7 is a detail view in side elevation of that portion of the pressing device shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of those portions of the parison pressing device illustrated in Figs. 6

and 7.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken through one of the blow molds and shows the lower portion of one of the blow heads clamping the neck ring to the blow mold. In this View the parison is shown suspended within the blow mold by the neck ring or mold preparatory to blowing.

Fig. 10 (on the sheet with Fig. 3a) is a fragmental top plan viewfof. one of' the. transfer devices of this invention with the neck mold or ring in closed position.

Fig. 11 (on the sheet with Fig. 4a) is a sectional view taken on line XI-XI of. Figw 4a..

Fig. 12 is an enlarged top plan view of portions of the mechanisms shown in. thelower left-handhalf of Fig. 2.

Fig. 13 is a view taken on line XIIIXIII of Fig. 12. The left-hand half of this View is. an elevational view of the portions shown on the left-hand side of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is an elevational view of one of the cams and the operating mechanism for a part thereof, looking toward the lettatthe top central portion of Fig. 12.

Figs. 15 to inclusive, are diagrammatic views depicting the introduction of the pressing plunger into a blank moldand the withdrawal of such. plunger: from such mold.

Fig. 21 is a top plan view of one of the cams;

Fig.1 22 is: an end: view looking; toward the left-- hand end of Fig. 21;

Fig. 23 is a side elevational view of the cam of Fig. 21;

Fig. 24 i a view taken on line of. Fig. 23;

Fig. 25 is a sectional view taken on line XXV-XXV ofFig. 23; and- Fig. 26 is a schematic perspectivevi'ew of the mold" carrying table; thestat'iona'rycam supporting' platform; c'ertairr cams secured to-said platform, a diagrammatic" showing of one of the transfer devices; and a diagrammatic showing of the pressing device. This view shows the relative positions of said cams with relation to the pressing device;

The machinechosen for illustrating this invention is a single table machine. This table, which carries the molds and the transfer devices, is mounted for rotation about a stationary column and is driven by an electric motor through the'medium' of aperiodic motion mech'a-- ni'sm. arranged to advance the table half the time and lock it in idle position half the time.

In order that the periodic movements imparted to the table by' such mechanisms are of equal length and duration, I preferably utilize a periodic motion drive mechanism such as dis.- closed in Figs. 10 to 19 inclusive of my United States Patent 2,298,215 ofOctober 6', 1942. This mechanism employs two cams, one for starting and one for stopping. the table and a gear quadrant which moves the table at a uniform rate after being started and before being stopped by such cams.

The table carries a series. of pairs of molds and each such pair comprises a blank or parison mold and a. partible. blow or. finishing mold. A partible neck ring. or moldis associated with each such pair andin the machine of this. application, I show eight blank or parison mold and eight blow or finishing. molds alternately arranged in a circular row. This, however-,is not to be taken as limiting the invention to any certain number ofpairs of molds. The angle of. each table1novement or index is, therefore, 45. The table also.-

carries a cam operated lift-over transfer device associated with each neck ring or mold.

The blank and blow molds are mounted in the same horizontal plane on the mold carrying table and these molds are of the same height.

The mechanical parison pressing device is operated by the electric motor that drives the periodic motion mechanism and this pressing device operates in. synchronism with the table and while the table is locked in its stop or idle position.

Each blank mold with its neck mold clamped to its top, at the charging station receives a measured; charge orv gob of glass from any well known or suitable glass feeder. This charge is dropped through the neck mold into the blank mold. The mold. table is then indexed to the next station, at which station the parison pressing operation; takes place. During this pressing operation, the neck or finish of the jar or bottle is formed. by the neck-mold.

Each neckmold remains closed around the.

finish section of the parison from the time the.

parison is formed until justprior tothe. time the. finished bottle or jarreaches the takeout point of the machine. I

During the two indexing periods following the pressing operation, the parison is raised by the neck moldclear of the parison mold, and by the.

transfer device, of which the neck mold formsa part, is swung into position over the. blow or finishing mold. The parison is thenlowered by the transfer device into the finishing mold. A blow head is then lowered into contact with the neck mold.

The finishing blow in this machine is carried out. by three blow heads which operate in succession oneach blow or finishing mold. In other words, each blow or finishing, mold is suceesively moved to position below three blow heads each of which performs. a. blowing operation.

above. the top of the blow or finishing. mold, is.

swung. to position above its blank mold and lowered. to assembled position on top of such. mold. The blow or finishingmold is then opened, ex posing the finished bottle or jar which is then removed by the take-out device.

The blank or parison. mold with its neck mold in assembled position thereon is again charged and the cycle is repeated.

In the machine disclosed in the drawings, the mold carrying table A comprises a circular mold support portion or platform 39 having its outer peripheral edge provided with gear teeth 3| (Figs. 1 and 3a for operating the take-out device 32 to be referred to later. A spider 33 supported below platform 30 by a Web-like structure 34 carries a circular row of equally spaced rollers 35-. depending stub shafts 36 and are provided with anti-friction bearings as shown at 37 in Fig. 3a.

A gear 38 located below rollers 35 is connected to spider 33 by aconnecting member 39. Rollers 35 and gear 38 form the connection between the periodic motion mechanism which is. numbered 40 as an entirety and mold carrying table A.

Theflrst blow expands the. parison: to finished formv These rollers are mounted for rotation on Table A, by means of suitable bearing not shown, is mounted for rotation about a central stationary column 4| secured to a suitable bed plate as'will be understood, but which is not shown. g

Platform 30 of Table A carries a circular row of blank or parison molds 42 and a circular row of I blow or finishing molds 43 (Figs. 1, 3a, la and 9). The two circular rows of molds are concentric; the centers of the finishing molds are preferably further from central column 4| than the centers of the blank or parison molds in order to accommodate the finishing mold opening and closing mechanism.

The molds, which are of standard type, are shown in Figs. and 9. In Fig. 5, which illustrates the blank or parison mold, the neck ring 44 is shown clamped or locked to the top of the parison mold by means forming part of the- Transfer device 48.which forms the upper bearing for a hollow' rotatable cylindrical housing 49. Housing 49 at its upper end 59 bears against bearing portion 43 and at its lower end 5| finds a bearing seat 52 on the upstanding cylindrical portion of bracket member 53 which is bolted to the upper face of spider member 39.

A member 54 formed as a tubular slide is externally square in cros section, as shown in Figs. 2 and 11, and has a cylindrical bore extending therethrough from end to end. Slide member 54 is arranged to slide within stationary housing 46 and of course is held by said housing from turning or twisting. Adjacent its bottom, slide member 54 has a pad 55 welded thereto. This pad is drilled and tapped to receive the reduced threaded end 56 of a stub shaft 51.

Mounted for rotation on stub shaft 51 is a hushed cam contact roller 58, as shown in Fig. 3a.

A cylindrical shaft 59, having two reduced portions 60 and 6| at its upper end, extends through the bore in slide member 54, and at its lower end is keyed, as at 62, to a collar 63 which has a sliding fit within tubular housing 49 to which it is splined as at 64. It will therefore be seen that shaft 59 is free to slide vertically with relation to housing 49, but is caused to turn or partially r0- tate as housing 49 is rotated.

Housing 49 on its outer side, or that side adjacent roller 58, is provided with a wide angled slot as shown at 65 in Figs. 2, 3a. and 11. This slot whichextends from point 65a near its bottom to its top permits limited rotation of housing 49 aboutslide 54. Stationary housing or slide box 46 below platform 30 is also slotted as indicated at 4601,. The slots in housing 49 and slide box 46 permit vertical movement of slide 54 with its roller-shaft carrying pad 55 which extends through these slots. These slot also permit cam contact roller 58 to remain tangent to its raisingand lowering cam (to be later referred to) during swinging of the neck ring to and from the molds with which it is associated.

Rotatable housing 49 i provided with an outwardly and downwardly projecting arm 66 carrying a vertically extending stub shaft upon which a cam contact roller 61 is mounted for rotation (Figs. 2, 4a and 11). v

Roller 61, by means of cam 61a (Fig. 2) causes swinging of the neck ring from position above the blank mold to position above the blow mold and vice versa, as will later appear. I

for the mechanism for opening and closing the neck ring. This mechanism comprises neck ring support arms or holders l9 and H which are supported by member 68 and are mounted and arranged to swing about a bushing 12 which surrounds reduced portion 69 of shaft 59. The upper arm 13 of this clevis which surrounds the reduced upper end 6! of shaft 59, is locked in place by a nut 14 threaded to the upper end of shaft 59. Neck ring holder arms 19 and H, are nor.-

mally held in contact one with the other by a.

tension spring (5.

Holder arm 19- is provided with an offset lever arm 19a and holder arm H is provided with a lever arm Ha. which carries an upstanding pin 'Hb. Pin Hb is'engaged by the forked end 16 of a lever 11 mounted on a pin 18 carried by portions 68 and 13 of said clevis. The outer end of lever 11 is bifurcated and a pin 19 extending through the furcate parts thereof has a cam contact roller 89 mounted thereon. Lever arm 10a. carries a pin 8| and this pin and pin 19 are connected by a link 82.

The construction and arrangement of this neck ring or neck mold operating mechanism is such that when cam contact roller 89 is moved toward shaft 59 by its cam (to be later referred to), just prior to reaching the takeout point, the neck ring holder arms 19 and H, and therefore the neck ring halves, are moved apart in opposition to the tension of spring 15 to release the finished jar or bottle. Clevis member 98 (which is raised, lowered and rotated as shaft 59 is raised, lowered and rotated) is provided with a depending pin 83 having a tapered lower end as at 84 which is adapted to be lowered into and raised from two hushed holes 85 and 86 in an arm which extends upwardly from the top of slide box 46 (Figs. 1, 3a. and 10). When located within either of these holes, the neck ring in closed position is in contact with the top of the blank mold or blow mold as the case may be. This pin lock insures alignment of the neck ring or mold with the blank mold or the blow mold and is only effective when the transfer device is in its lowest position, with the neck ring in contact with the top of either the blank or theblow mold. The neck ring or neck moldw ich rmsp o ach t an chanism holds the parison by its finish section (which is formedby the neck mold) while the parison is being transferredfrom the blank mold .to the blow moldas before pointed out. The prolonged contact between the neck mold and the "finish". section of the parison chills the finish section and also insures proper support for the parison while the machine is in motion and during any sudden starts'and stops.

With types of transfer means employing grips or pinchers, distortion of the finish section often occurs. This causes faulty fitting of the closures for'thearticle or an uneven top that will cause poor'sealing ofthe closure.

Stations For the purpose of simplifying the location of :the cams and the description of their functions, I .have indicated on Figs. 1, 2 and 26 eight positions whichI designate as, blank .mold stations and eight positions which I designate as blow mold stations. The blank mold stations which are lettered 3-! to 3-8 inclusive are the positions of the blank molds when'the mold carrying table stops between indexes and the blow mold stations .M-l to M48 inclusive are the positions of the blow molds at that time.

A charge or gob of glass is delivered to each blank mold as itarrives at station B4, by any suitable charging device (not shown) operating in synchronism with the machine. The parison pressing operation takes place' at :station B2. Transferring of the parisons from the'blank molds to the blow moldstakes place between stations M-I and M-2. The first phase of the blowing occurs at station M-Z, the'secondzphaseat 'M-3 and the third phase at'MJ. The neck ring isopened just before'it reaches station M5. The finished ware .(bottle orjar) isiremoved from the blower finishing'mold 'which is fully open as it'reaches .stationxM-JS. The neck ring is closed and swung vto position never the blank mold prior to reaching station 3-] where, "as before said, the charging occurs.

The neck mold remains closed'around the finish section of the parison from vthe time the parison is formed :until just prior :to 'the time the finished bottle or jar reachesthe takeout point of the machine, as before pointed out.

Because of this, distortion of the finish.sec-

tion due to stretching of the parison while-abeing blown to final form is prevented. Actual contact of the blowing'heads with any part .of the glass is also :prevented.

The first phase of the blowing which occurs at station M-2, if'desired canbe just sufiic-ient to puff or slightly elongate the parison until its bottom end just touches and spreads out over the. finishing mold bottom plate. Thisrcenters the parison and puts it in shapeforthe second and third phases of the blowing procedure which occur at stations M-3 and'M- l.

"The pufiing blow occasioned by the .blow head at station M-Z can be obtained by-placing an adjustable check valve in the line that raises the blow head so that the exhaust air (theair passing through this line when the blow head is lowered) can be throttled to reduce the speedon the down stroke of the blow head to a point where the blow head remains down and blowsjust long enough to permit a slight pufi of air to enter, and-slightly expand the parison. Blowing air of short duration at high pressureelongates the" parison while ablow of longer' duration at reduced "pressure-expanels the parison xmeresidewise than lengthwise.

.As has been before pointed out, the first stage blow occurring at station M-Z may if desired be sufficient to blow the parison to finished form.

If thisgpractice is followed, the blow at stations M-3 and. -M-4 may be supplemental to that rat M.2 and be used to hold the glass in tight contact-with the mold for the purpose of chilling the blown article and thus increasing production.

Cams for operating parison transfer device The cams for operating each transfer device as the mold carrying table is indexed from the pressing .station 13-2 to the first phase blowing station M-Z are disclosed in Figs. 2, 3a, 12, 13, 14 and 26. 'Ashas been pointed out, in the machine of the drawings, the .mold table is indexed eight times during each complete revolution, therefore thestop periods are 45 apart and the timing is such that they occur as each blank mold reaches charging station B-I and pressing station B.2.

A cam which as an entirety is numbered! and which will be later described in detail, causes the neck ring with the parison suspended therefrom to be raised clear of the blank mold through the agency of Slide member 54, shaft '59 and neck ring holders 1G and H. Cam 8! also causes the parison to be lowered into the blow mold after the neck ring is swung to position above the blow mold by a cam B-la (Figs. 3a and 12) to be later described. Cam 61a rotates housing 49 and therefore shaft 59 through cam contact rollerB'I.

Since the lengths of the parisons for difierent length bottles or jars may range all the way from as little as about three inches to as much as about seven and one-half inches or more, it is therefore necessary to be able to vary the rise of cam 81. Due to the fact that a cam with a six or seven and one-half inch rise would necessarily present a climb so steep as to cause excessive side'pressure on slide box 53 due to its overhung roller 58, I provide means for relieving this pressure and angle of climb. I do this by making cam 81 in two parts, one of which is fixed and one movable and power operated. Both of these two partsare made of different heights and can be changedin order tobe able to make ware of different heights. Both parts of the cam are so made as to be readily removable from their respective cam holders.

The stationary part 88 of cam 81 is removably secured to stationary housing 89 of the machine by means of suitable bolts 9c. The movable part 9| is removably secured to a hinged cam carrier 92 by means of bolts 93. Cam carrier 92, at its outer end, is pivoted to a part of stationary housing 89 as at 94.

The inner end 9 la of cam part Si is formed-on the arc of a circle struck from pivot point 94..a-nd the adjacent end 88a. of cam part 88 is formed on thearc of acircle struck-from the same center. Thisxis indicated by dot and dash line in Figure 14. The meeting faces 88a and 9la as shown in Fig. 12 overlap as shown at 95 (Fig. 12).

Figs. 12,13 and 14 disclose the mechanism for raisingand lowering hinged cam part 9! in synchronism with the movements of the mold table. This raising and lowering mechanism comprises a slide box '96 having a slide 97 mounted therein and having one end 98 formed as a gear rack which meshes with a combination spur and bevel gear 99. The end of slide 91 oppositethe-gear .rackis provided with a roller Hill which is engaged' bra cam IOI. "This cam is'shown -in "position to move the rollerand slide to the right, and it is so arranged with relation to the timing cycle of the table indexing mechanism that as shown it is at the point at which the table is ready to start on its index which will move the blank mold at station B2 to station B-3.

Rotation of cam IDI through the arc fromY to Z (Fig. 13) moves rack 98 through its complete length of travel. The arc YZ represents 115 of rotation of cam I9I' and 30 of the 45 table index. Cam |9I is keyed to the drive shaft of the parison pressing device (to be later described) and rotates counterclockwise.

Slide 91 with its rack 98 is held in slide box 96, at the cam end, by the cam cover and at its rack end by a cover plate I92 which forms an end bearing for the shaft of the combination spur and bevel gear 99. V

A bevel gear quadrant I93 meshes with bevel gear 99a'forming part of the combination spur and bevel gear 99. Shaft I04 of gear quadrant I03 has a lever arm I95 secured thereto and the outer end of this lever arm, by means of a link I96, is connected to the free end of cam support or holder 92 as at I01, so that said holder with cam part 9| is raised and lowered about its pivot point 94 as the quadrant is oscillated.

Each time the mold table is indexed, roller 58 engages cam 9| as shown in Fig. 14 and the raising of cam part 9| causes roller 58 to be raised to the height of cam part 98. Dot and dash line 9Ia indicates cam part 9| in its raised position. Raising of the roller occurs during 30 of the 45 table index; the 30 lin being indicated by line WX. When the roller reaches line WX, it passes over seam 95 (Fig. 12) onto fixed cam part 88. When roller 58 reaches this line, rotary cam IIiI will have traveled through the arc YZ. The remaining 15 of travel of the table index brings'roller 58 to the position indicated by 58a, and rotary cam IIlI will have passed through the arc ZZ' and thus reversed the action of slide 91, returning lever I95 of the gear quandrant I03 to its original or down position as shown in Fig. 14 where it is ready to raise the hinged cam part 9| for the succeeding roller 58. a

When roller 58 reaches line WX, the transfer device begins to swing the neck mold with the parison suspended therefrom to position above the blow or finishing mold. Cam part 88 provides a level roller contact section embracing 30 of the table index and thus allows the transfer device to swing the neck mold and the suspended parison through the are A to B to C (Fig. 1) during transfer of the parison to the blow or finishing mold. Cam part -88 also provides an incline I98 to support roller 58 during its travel down to its lowest position, during which the parison enters the blow mold preparatory to the initial phase of the finishing blow. Cam parts 88 and 9|, forming cam 81, will be supplied in a number of heights (say four) so as to vary the lift of th transfer device to suit the length of the ware to be made.

A cam I89 secured to a cam holder I89a supported by stationary column 4| extends from about station M to about station 13-1, and is so constructed and arranged as to have opened the neck ring before the blow mold reaches station M- (Fig. 1). Roller 80 forming part of the neck ring opening mechanism (Figs. 3a and is moved by said cam I09 toward shaft 59 which is part of the transfer device.

As the finishing mold leaves station M-5 and moves toward station M-G, roller passes off of cam I09 which allows the neck ring to be closed by its spring I5.- The neck ring is then lifted enough to clear the protruding upper end or finish of'the jar or bottle by a cam II9, through the agency of roller 58 and the transfer mechanism above described. Cam H9 issecured to the base of the machine and its position-is disclosed in Fig. 26 while its details are disclosed in Figs. 21 'to' 25 inclusive.

The finished bottle or jar is removed from the open finishing mold at station M-B as will be later described.-

By the time the finishing mold reaches station M-B, the neck ring will have been swung by a cam I I I through the arc C-D thus placing it above the top of the blank mold at station B-8. Cam III is carried by the housing of the machine and extends inwardly above spider 33 and engages roller '6'! (Fig. 2) by which it swings the neck ring through the agency of the transfer mechanism.

Blow or finishing molds and their operating".- mechanisms The blow or finishing molds (Figs. 1 and 9) are of the usual open and shut type and are formed. in halves which close about a bottom member II2 (Fig. 9-) as is now common. On the index from station M-5 to station M-S, each blow mold is opened by means of a cam 3 through the agency of roller II I which forms part of the blow mold operating mechanism.

Roller IIII which is mounted in a member I I5 arranged to slide on parallel spaced rods H5, is connected with each half of the blow mold by a flexible connecting device made up of parts I I7 and I I8 and compression springs H9. .The mold halves are adapted to be swung about pin I29 (Fig. 9) by means of this operating mechanism. Cam H3 is secured to cam holder "19a below cam I99, and is so constructed and arranged that as roller II4 reaches station M-l, the blow mold will be closed ready to receive the parison.

As pointed out in connection with the transfer devices, the neck ring or mold with the parison suspended therefrom, during the first 30 of 45 table index or travel from station 13-2 to station B-3 is raised so that the parison is clear of the blank or parison mold and is then swung by cam 61a through the arc A-B (Figs. 1 and 12) and, during the next idle period, remains between stations M-I and B-3, as shown in Fig. 1. During the first 15 of the next 45 index,'the parison is still being swung by cam 61a, through the arc B-C, putting it in position above the top of the finishing mold. After leaving cam 61a, the remaining 30 of this index allows the parison to be lowered into the finishing mold, and the neck ring or mold to become assembled with the finishing mold, as shown in Fig. 9.

Blow heads and finishing mold locking devices The three phase blowing procedure before referred to occurs during the idle periods when the blow or finishing molds are located at stations M-2, M-3 and M-4.

While the blow heads and the blow or finishing mold locking devices per se form no part of this invention, a general description of the same is believed desirable for a full understanding of this machine and its operation.

During the idle periods, while the blow or finishing molds are at stations M-2, M-3 and M4,

such molds are locked in closed positionby air operated locking means and the three blow heads for performing the three phase finishing blow are lowered into blowing position, in which position -they also clamp and lock the neck rings in closed position before blowing air is applied, as will be later described.

While the drawing of Figure 1 does notshow the blow head at station M-2 (it having been omitted in order to show the position of the neck ring), it is to be understood that the blow head at station .M-Z is the same as the blow heads at stations M-3 and M-4.

The blow head mechanisms and the locking devices which, as before said, inand of themselves form no part of this invention, are preferably such asdisclosed' in Patent 1,658,735 issued to Frank ONeill on February 7, 1928,

Blow head mechanisms I2I and I22 located at stations. M-3 and M-4 respectively, and that located at station M-2. which, as before noted, is not. shown, are supported. by supportarms I23, secured to column 4| and to pairs of upright rods I24 mounted on and extending upwardly from the base of the machine.

Rods I 24 carry the supports for the devices I 25 for locking the blow or finishing molds in closed position at the finishing blow stations M-2, M-3 and M-4.

The blow or finishing molds, after receiving a parison at station M-I, remain closed until opened by cam II3 during indexing from station IVY-5 to M-6 at which point the finished ware (bottle or jar) is removed by the take-out device 32.

Take-out device The jar or bottle as the case may be, is removed from the open blow or finishing mold at station M-B by means of the take-out device 32 which is driven by a gear I26 meshing with teeth 3| on the outer peripheral edge of the mold carrying table.

The take-out device forms no part of this invention and is preferably such as disclosed in Patent 1,537,963 issued to Frank ONeill on May 19', 1925.

Instead of having" two ware gripping jaws for each'gripping device as in said patent, I preferably employ three gripping jaws I21" at each end of'the take-out arm I28 in order to insure gripping, of the article'n'o matter in what direction it tips from its support II2. Th'ejaws grip the article (jar or bottle) immediately below its Parison pressing device The parison pressing device is locatedat station' B2 and as before pointedout, isdriven by the electric motor that drives the periodic motion mechanism, by which the mold table is indexed.

In a general way, the parison pressing device comprises a plunger which on its downward reciprocation, passes through the neck ring and into the blank mold to form the parison; In the mechanism for reciprocating the plunger, a crank is employed. This crank is adjustable. as to the length of its throw for the purpose of taking care of long and short parisons used to make ware of difierent lengths. A compression spring is employed in the make-up of the plunger operating mechanism and forms a yielding connection between the plunger operating crank and the plunger, and thus prevents overpressing and also increases the time the plunger remains in the glassto set the parison. The device also em;- hodies means for varying the stress of this spring '12 and therefore the displacement" depth of: the plunger, while the machine is; in operation The details of theparison pressing device are illustrated-in Figs. 2, 3and 3a, 4 and-411,6, '7 and 8.

The crank mechanism-:comprisesan elongated slide box I29 (Figs. 3aand 4a) having ahollow cylindrical hub portion I30 securedto a horizontal shaft I3 I which has a wormwheel I32-keyed thereto-and meshingawith a worm I33 keyed to'a shaft I34 which. forms part of the driving connections-between the pressing device and the electric motor that operates the periodic. motion mechanism. A slide I35 secured within slide box i29 for movement lengthwise-thereof carries a crank arm I36. adjacent its inner. end and isiadjusted to and held in adjusted: position by'an adjustment screw I31. This screw is. threaded within a central bore in slide. I35, extends through arr-opening in. the. lower end of the slide box, is held against endwise movement by a cleat I38 and at its outer exposed end' is provided with a wrench engaging portion I39.

A red I40 connectedto crank arm: I35 .by a yoke member I4I=, at itsupper end; is providedwitha rack I42.

The crank'mechanism; and rod I 40 are located withina housing I43Eand the hub portion I30 of slide-box I29 is. journaled. Within. suitablebearings'securedwithin oneside of said housing.

Rack I42 meshes with a gear quadrant I44 mounted for rotations on a horizontal. shaft I45 secured against rotation within support members I46 by means of setscrews; I41. Support members I46 are securedto the housing side members as at I48.

Secured to opposite sides of gear quadrant I44 are. two gear quadrants. I49 which freely rotate with gear quadrant'IMaboutshaft I45. The rack portion I42 of rod I40'is held in engagement with gear quadrant I44 by a roller I50. This roller is mounted on a shaft" I5I secured within the projecting spaced side portions l52 of a cover member I53. Cover member I53 with roller I50 and shaft I5I are inserted through anopening in the housin which is closed. by the cover member which is bolted in place with roller I50 bearing against the back of the. rack portion of rod I40. Side portions I52. of cover member I53 form side guides for rackportion I42.

From. the above, it will be apparent that as slide box: I29 isrotatedby worm wheel I32 and worm I33, rod' I40 will be reciprocated with a swinging movement and thus oscillate or partially rotate gear quadrants. I44 and I49. 7

A pair of spaced parallel vertically disposed rods. I55 are rigidlysecured Within upper brackets I53-and lower brackets- I 51 secured to the sides of the upper portion. I43a ofhousing I43; upper portion I431: of the housing being open on its gear quadrant-side asdisclosed in Figs. 3 and 3a and Figs. 6. and7.

Gear quadrants I49v mesh with a pair of spaced racks I53" secured-to a crosshead I59 which, by means of sleeves I59a secured thereto, is mounted for vertical sliding movement on parallel rods I55 (Figs; 3, 4, 6, land 8-). The-crosshead, midway between racks' I58; is providedwith a sleevelike portion I30. formed to rotatably supporta tubular member IB-I'. Tubular member MI is relieved between points. I62 and I33, and below point I63, is provided with'internal threads. as at I64 (Fig-3).

Endwise movement of tubular member. I-BI relative to sleeve-like portion I50 of the crossamass -head is preventedby an outwardly extending flange I65 at the bottom of such tubular member and a worm wheel I66 secured to its top and which overlies a bracket I61 secured to the cross- .head. Bracket I61 has a portion I68 within which the shaft I69 of a Worm I18 is mounted. Shaftl69 with itsworm I1Il is adapted to be rotated by a handwheel I1I for a purpose to be later described.

At its upper end, tubularshaft I12 has a support plate I16 secured thereto.

Support plate I16 hassecured thereto a pair of upwardly extending parallel rods I11 to the upper ends of which a second support plate I18 is secured.

Support plate I18 is drilled to receive-rods I11 ,and is held on the upper threaded ends of said I ;rods by nuts I19. Plunger tube I14 extends loosely through an opening in support plate I18 and at its upper end is provided with means such as an elbow I88 or other fixture, for connecting its interior to a suitable supply of cooling liquid, as will be later referred to.

Aspring I8I known as the set spring as well as the overpress spring, surrounds plunger tube I14 and is confined between support plate I18 and an abutment member I82 which is screwed onto the upper end of an enlarged portion of plunger tube I14 as at I83. The plunger tube I14 at its lower end is externally threaded as shown in Fig. to receive a two piece plunger holder I84 to which the press plunger I85 is secured.

A follow ring I86 slidably mounted on the upper portion of the press plunger is secured to a threaded to tubular shaft I12.

A neck mold clamping ring I90 slidable on follow ring I86 is yieldingly held. at the down- 'ward limit of its travel by a series of three springs I9I (only one being shown, Figs. 3a and. 5) which surround the lower ends of three uniformly spaced guiding and movement limiting rods I92 which extend through vertical bores in radial extensions of bolster plate I81. These rods are provided with downward movement limiting heads I93.

Crosshead I59 is provided with an upstanding shell-like portion that loosely embraces one side of support plate I16 and prevents turning of such plate and therefore the assembly including support plate I18, rods I11 and spring I8I during rotation of worm wheel I66 and tubular member I6I to which said worm wheel is secured. In Figs. 3a and. 4a, crank arm I36 is shown adjusted for itsgreatest throw and the parts operatively connected therewith and disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4 are shown in the positions they occupy when the crank is so adjusted.

Spring I8I which forms a yielding connection between crank arm I36 and press plunger I85 determines the depth to which the press plunger descends into the glass in the blank or parison mold. Because of this construction, when the press plunger, under the urge of set spring I8I, reaches its maximum glass displacement depth,

the crosshead, with tubular member I GI and tubular shaft I12 keeps on traveling downward throughout the full stroke to which the crank arm is adjusted, while the press plunger stands still. Inasmuch as there is a; lag between the press plunger and the crosshead, the press plunger is allowed to remain in the glass to set the same during continued downward travel of the crosshead and until the press plunger and crosshead again travel together on the upward stroke.

Adjustment of tubular member I6I by hand operated worm I16 and worm wheel I66 attached to said tubular member, provides means for adjusting the tension of set spring I8I while the machine is in operation. By adjusting this tension, theset of the press plunger can be varied to suit the warebeing made, the consistency of the glass and the shape and other characteristics of the ware.

This is important since too much set or too great a time during which the plunger is in contact with the glass may cause the extreme top of the parison to crizzle or check while too little set or too short a time will not properly prepare the glass to hold the neck portion or finish in shape for final blowing. It will be understood that the finish contour is cut in the neck ring orneck mold and that these are interchangeable for different types and sizes of ware.

The throw of crank arm I36 is adjusted by screw I31 to suit the length of the parison to be made, and adjustment of the tension of the set spring may have to be varied as the stroke of the crank arm is varied.

Follow ring I86 seals the cavity within the combined blank and neck molds during the pressing operation and clamping ring I98 clamps the neck mold in closed position and supplements the action of groove I94 within which the lower flange of the neck mold is held when assembled with the blank mold. 7

If there is too much glass in the blank mold during a pressing operation, the distance between abutment member I82 and support plate I16 increases, and a parison will be formed regardless of the overweight (within reason) of the charge of glass suppliedto the blank mold. In the normal operation of commercial glass feeders, the weight of the charge does not vary more than one ounce either way.

Plunger holder I84 is threaded at I95 to receive the upper threaded end of a nozzle I96 which communicates with the interior of the plunger tube and projects downwardly into the hollow interior of the plunger terminating just short of the tip of the plunger. Whatever cooling medium is used for cooling the press plunger, the same: will enter the plunger tube through fixture I88 at its top, will pass through nozzle I96 to the press plunger tip, flow up outside of said nozzle and be discharged through outlet I91 to a suitable drain or reservoir.

Machine driving mechanism As before noted, the mold carrying table is driven by an electric motor through the medium of periodic motion mechanism 40 and this is similar in all essential particulars to that disclosed in Figs. 10 to 19 inclusive of my said U. S. Patent 2,298,215.

In this mechanism, a worm (not shown) is mounted on a horizontal shaft I98, and the worm 'meshes with a worm wheel (also not shown) secured to vertical shaft I99 of the periodic motion mechanism. Shaft I98 is driven by an 'eiectri motor EM -through a suitablevariable drive unit is adapted to index the table eight 7 times during each complete revolution thereof.

The drive unit comprises a combined earn and gear assembly which is mounted for rotation about vertical shaft 199 and includes a cam member which co-operates with rollers 35in starting and stopping the mold table and a gear segment that meshes with gear 38 to drive the mold table between stop periods.

The'cam member comprises cam faces- 2 03, 204, 205 and 205. These provide a closed camway for rollers 35 which extends from the end of face 203 to the end of face and thus overlap-cam face 205 (upper-left-hand corner of Fig-: 2); Gear segment 20?- formingpart of the-assembly meshes with gear 38 carried bythe table structure. The cam and gear assembly is continuously driven by electric motor 200 through reduction gear 20L This assembly rotates in a counterclockwise direction and the mold table therefore rotates in a clockwise direction. 7

From Figs. 2 and 3a, it will be seen that the gear segment 20! islocated belowthe cam member instead of above as in my said Patent 2,298,215 and that therefore gear-33 is located below rollers 35;

Since the parison pressing device is mechanically operated by being geared to the motor that drives the periodic mechanism, it is possible to synchronize the same with the table-drive unit and because of this, I can adjust the machine so that the press plunger enters the blank mold before the table comes to a stop. atthe pressing station and start the table on its next" index before the press plunger is removed entirely from the blank mold. This'gives a greater length of time for the pressing operation than the actual length of time between indexing periods, and

would not bepracticable in a machine utilizing an air or other fluid operated press plunger.

The table drive unit, in indexing the table between theB stations, travels 180 of its cycle and I find thatwhen using a press plunger having its lowermost end about 1" in. diameter and using a neck ring having an internal diameter of at least 2", leaving a space of .5" between the internal periphery of the neck ring and the press plunger, I can so adjust the machine that-said plunger enters such mold 15 before the end of such 180 travel and allow the plunger to remain within the blank mold until the table has traveled 15 of the 180 travel of the table drive unit which indexes the table from station 3-2 to station 3-3. In order to demonstrate this, I

' table drive unit.

' has traveled' down about of its maximum' an stance. The dot and dash semicircles represent the position of the press plunger with relation to the inner peripheral edge'of the neck mold'as 1 the plunger progresses or moves toward the position shown by full line.

In Fig. 16, it is assumed that the plunger has traveled down, has displaced or pressed the'glass to form parison h and has been traveled up to the position shown. This figure shows the center line of the plunger still coinciding with the'center line of the mold and in the position, vertically of the mold; it will occupy when the table is ready to start on its-index to station B-3.

As before pointedout, the table drive unit disclosed in Fig. 2 is shown in position where the table is about to start on its-next index. From Fig. 16, it will be seen that the position-of the plunger corresponds to the adjustment of the In other words, the parison pressing device is synchronized with the table drive unit.

In order to'disclose this fact-more-clearly, I refer to Figs. 17 to 20'" inclusive. In these figures, I have divided the movements of the table during its index from station 3-2 to station B-3 into 5 movements of the table drive unit.

Each of Figures 17 to 20 inclusive discloses the distance that the blank mold (carried by the table) travels from the center line of the press plunger (the position of its vertical center line being fixed) during each of these 5 movements of the table drive unit. In Figs. 16 to 20 inclusive, as before mentioned, the press plunger is being raised.

Fig. 17, by lines-a'and b, shows that'the mold (in the first 5 movement of the table drive unit) has traveled away from the center line of the plunger .041" and that the plunger on its'upward movement has traveled approximately of the distance 0-; 0 representing the distance from the bottom of the plunger in Fig. 16to the top of the neck ring flange 208.

Fig. 18, by lines a and b, shows the position of the mold after the table drive unit has traveled 10, during which the mold has traveled away from the center line of the plunger .165". The plunger continuing its upward movement has traveled approximately one half of the distance 0.

Fig. 19, by lines a and b, shows the position of the mold after the table drive unit has traveled 15. The mold in this case has traveled away from the center line of the plunger .365" and the plunger, continuing its upward movement has traveled approximately of the distance c.

Fig. 20, by lines'a and b, shows the position of the mold after the table drive unit has traveled 20. Here the mold has traveled away from the center line of the plunger .651". It will be noted that the plunger, continuing its upward movement, has traveled the full distance 0.

During the remaining the table drive unit has to travel on its table driving cycle, the plunger continues rising until it reaches its maximum height above themold, but since it has cleared the neck ring as shown in Fig. 20; it is consideredunnecessary to carry the diagrammatic showings further. I

The table (carrying the mold) continues on its index to stationB-3 while the press plunger descends and enters the succeeding parison mold at station 3-2. However, the last 20 of travel of the table drive unit, in its table driving cycle, before the table, and therefore the mold, come to rest at stationB-3, the plunger on itsdown stroke is in the position shown by dotted semicircle 7' (Fig. 15). It will be in the position Ic, 15 from the end of such driving cycle; at 1 at at 5 and at n when the table has stopped. The blank mold of course has picked up its charge of glass as before described at station B- When the plunger is rising, the distance between its center line and the center line of the mold is the same as shown in Figs. 1'? to 20 inclusive, since the motion of the plunger in rising, in relation to the inner peripheral edge of the neck ring, is the same as when the plunger is descending; the only difference being that when the plunger is descending it has more clearance than when rising, because of the fact that when descending, there is no parison within the blank mold and neck ring.

Power air controls The blow head raising and lowering cylinders, the blow mold locking cylinders and the cylinders for raising and lowering the gripping jaws of the takeout device are all power air operated. The mechanism for controlling the distribution of this power air so that these devices operate in synchronism with the table and the parison pressing device is disclosed in Figs. 12 and 13 and is controlled by cam patches 229 and 2H! adjustably secured to the rear face of rotary cam IUI.

Cam IOI is keved to shaft I3I of the parison pressing device and is located b tween such device and the case for worm gear I32 as disclosed in Fig. 2. In Fig. 4a, this cam has been omitted being keved to that part of shaft I3! which in this view has been cut away.

The distribution of po er air to the air operated devices is controlled by a pist n va ve having a cvlindrical h using or case H secured to the bed plate of the machine adiacent r tary cam I' l (Figs 2 and 13). Piston rod 2| of this valve h s i s outer end connect d. by means of a link 2I3. to one end of a lever 2'4 wh h is pivoted at MS to the case for worm gear I32.

The free end of lever 2 I4 carries a cam contact roller 2 which is alt rnately enga ed by cam p tches 2",! and 2|" during rotation of cam I'll.

ated lever 2I4'to move piston 2I'I to position to permit pow r air to pass from port p to port q, by reason of the clearance around reduced portion 2I8 and thence to the bottom-of the three blow head cylinders in order to raise the blow heads from blowing position, on top of he blow molds. Air issuing from port q also releases the blow mold locking devices and raises the piston that closes takeout jaws I21 around the finished ware. It also raises the piston that raises the takeout jaws to lift the finished ware off the bottom member 2 of the blow or finishing mold.

'This is all done prior to the start of the next index and during such index the takeout device, through the medium of its gear I26 which meshes mg member or ring 222.

18 with teeth 3I of the mold table, swings the finished ware to the conveyor (not shown).

It will be noted that in the position shown port r is free to exhaust through ports s in end cap 226 of the housing or cylinder 22I.

When the table has completed its index, cam IOI will have traveled and cam patch 2) will have reversed the action of lever 2I4 and consequently the action of valve 2H to permit power air to pass from port p to port 1" allowing port q to exhaust through port t in valve housing cap 22L Port r supplies power air to lower the blow heads into contact with the blow or finishing molds, or rather the neck rings above such molds for final blowing. through port 1" also causes the blow mold locking devices to lock the blow molds. It also lowers takeout jaws I21 to ware receiving position and causes such jaws to close around the finished bottle or jar for removal from position on bottom member I I2 of the blow or finishing mold.

Neck ring or neck mold locking devices As before pointed out, each partible neck ring 44, prior to the parison pressing operation at the pressing station B-2, is locked and clamped in closed position on top of the blank mold by clamping ring I90. This ring is part of the parison pressing mechanism, is slidable on follow ring I86, and is yieldingly held in clamping position by the series of springs I9I (Figs. 3a and 5).

Each neck ring is also locked in closed position and clamped to the top of the partible blow mold with which it co-operates, by a cup-like clamp- This member or ring is slidable on cylindrical portion 223 of the blow head (Fig. 9) and is yieldingly held in neck ring clamping position by means of a similar series of springs 224 each of which surrounds a rod 225 carried by said clamping ring 222 and which is interposed between the top of such clamping ring and the under side of its projecting portion 226 of the blow head.

These clamping members or rings form positive means for locking the partible neck rings or neck molds closed, and clamping the same to the tops of the blank and blow molds during the parison pressing and finishing blow operations. The neck rings of course are normally held in closed position by the springs I5, and are only opened as the blow or finishing molds approach the takeout point, after which they are again closed by springs I5 before each is assembled with its blank mold preparatory to receiving a charge of glass.

From the fact that during the finishin blow, the neck ring contacts with the top of the blow mold and the blow head contacts with the neck ring adjacent the top of the finish, blowing of the parison to finished form takes place through the neck ring. This insures a level or even top to the finish, and since this is the point at which the cap or closure member for the jar or bottle contacts in making the seal, this becomes important.

In those machines in which the finish blowing does not take place through the neck ring, a difference in temperature of the glass may cause articles blown in the same finishing mold to vary in height, producing an unevenness or variation in the top of the finish. While this unevenness or variation is usually not more than about eight to ten thousandths of an inch, this is enough to cause breakage of the bottle or jar by its cap or closure member, or failure of the seal.

Air supplied from port p- 

